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38 Davide Court : ∫∑∫“∑¢Õß»“≈¬ÿµ‘∏√√¡°—∫§«“¡‡ªìπ∏√√¡¥â“π‡æ»¿“«–„π°“√æ‘®“√≥“æ‘æ“°…“§¥’

„𧥒 People of the Philippines vs. Melendres ºŸâ∂Ÿ°°≈à“«À“‡ªìπ “¡’µ“¡®“√’µª√–‡æ≥’
¢Õß¡“√¥“‡¥Á° »“≈Æ’°“ ‚¥¬ª√–∏“π»“≈Æ’°“¥“«‘‡¥ æ∫«à“‡√◊ËÕ߇≈à“¢Õ߇¡‡≈Áπ‡¥√ (Melendres) ∑’Ë«à“

‡¢“·≈–‡¥Á°À≠‘߇ªìπ§Ÿà√—°°—ππ—È𠇪ìπ‡√◊ËÕß∑’Ë çº‘¥ª√°µ‘«‘ —¬Õ¬à“ß™—¥‡®πé ·≈–æ∫«à“ 燪ìπ°“√¥ŸÀ¡‘Ëπ«à“
»“≈‡™◊ËÕ§πßà“¬‡°‘π‰ªé 燪ìπ°“√¥Ÿ·§≈𧫓¡π÷°§‘¥·≈–¥Ÿ∂Ÿ°§«“¡©≈“¥ ·¡â·µà„π§π∑—Ë«‰ªé »“≈Æ’°“
‰¥âæ‘®“√≥“«à“ºŸâ∂Ÿ°°≈à“«À“¡’Õ“¬ÿ¡“°°«à“‡¥Á°À≠‘ß∂÷ß 20 ªï ·≈–‡∏Õ‰¥âªØ‘∫—µ‘µàÕ‡¢“‡ ¡◊Õπ‡ªìπ∫‘¥“ ·≈–‰¡à¡’
À≈—°∞“π«à“‡∏Õ ç‡ªìπºŸâ¡’§«“¡‡∫’ˬ߇∫π∑“ß‡æ» ‡ªìπ§π¡—°¡“°„π°“¡§ÿ≥ À√◊Õ‡ªìπ‚ ‡¿≥’é ·µàÕ¬à“ß„¥

Õ¬à“߉√°Á¥’ „𧥒 People of the Philippines vs. Oga ·¡â«à“Õ“¬ÿ¢ÕߺŸâ∂Ÿ°°≈à“«À“°—∫ºŸâ√âÕß∑ÿ°¢å
®–Àà“ß°—π∂÷ß 10 ªï »“≈Æ’°“‰¥âµ—¥ ‘π«à“ºŸâ∂Ÿ°°≈à“«À“‰¡à¡’§«“¡º‘¥ ‚¥¬¡’¢âÕ·°âµà“ß«à“‡ªìπ§Ÿà√—°°—π „𧥒π’È
»“≈Æ’°“‰¥â°≈—∫§”æ‘æ“°…“¢Õß»“≈™—Èπµâπ ‚¥¬°≈à“««à“ 秥’µ—«Õ¬à“ß¡—°®–„À⧫“¡ ”§—≠°—∫πÈ”Àπ—°

·≈–‡§“√æ°“√ ◊∫ «π¢âÕ‡∑Á®®√‘ߢÕß»“≈™—Èπµâπ ‚¥¬‡©æ“–Õ¬à“߬‘Ëß „π‡√◊ËÕߢÕߧ«“¡πà“‡™◊ËÕ∂◊Õ¢Õß欓π
∑’ˉ¡àÕ“®®–‡ª≈’ˬπ·ª≈߉¥â‚¥¬°“√Õÿ∑∏√≥å ·¡â°√–π—Èπ°Áµ“¡ °Æ‡°≥±åπ’È°Á¡’¢âÕ¬°‡«âπ‰¥â„π°√≥’∑’Ë¡’¢âÕ‡∑Á®®√‘ß
À√◊Õ ∂“π°“√≥å∑’Ë¡’πÈ”Àπ—°·≈–Õ‘∑∏‘æ≈´÷Ëß»“≈‰¡àÕ“®‡æ‘°‡©¬À√◊Õµ’§«“¡‡ªìπÕ◊Ëπ‰¥â À√◊Õ„π°√≥’∑’Ë»“≈™—Èπµâπ
‰¥â°√–∑”°“√‚¥¬‰¡à¡’‡Àµÿº≈‡¡◊ËÕæ‘®“√≥“¢âÕ‡∑Á®®√‘ßπ—Èπé 17 ª√–∏“π»“≈‰¥â‡¢’¬π«à“§¥’π’ȇªìπ¢âÕ¬°‡«âπ
‡π◊ËÕß®“° ç°“√∑¥ Õ∫‡æ◊ËÕ°“√æ‘®“√≥“§«“¡πà“‡™◊ËÕ∂◊Õ¢Õߧ”„Àâ°“√¢Õß欓π¡’Õ¬Ÿà«à“ §”„Àâ°“√π—Èπ

¡’§«“¡ Õ¥§≈âÕß°—∫‡√◊ËÕß∑’Ë√Ÿâ°—π‚¥¬∑—Ë«‰ª·≈–µ√ß°—π°—∫ª√– ∫°“√≥å¢Õß¡πÿ…¬™“µ‘À√◊Õ‰¡à ·≈–‡¡◊ËÕ ‘Ëß„¥
∑’ˇªìπªØ‘ªí°…å°—∫¡“µ√∞“π¥—ß°≈à“«¬àÕ¡‡ªìπ ‘Ëß∑’ˇªìπ‰ª‰¡à‰¥â·≈–‡°‘π‰ª°«à“∑’Ë»“≈®–¬Õ¡√—∫‰¥â 惵‘°√√¡
¢Õ߇ի“ (Ava) (π“¡ ¡¡ÿµ‘) ‚¥¬√«¡„π√–À«à“ߧ«“¡¬“°≈”∫“°· π “À— ¢Õ߇∏Õπ—Èπ ‡°‘π°«à“∑’Ë®–‡¢â“„®

‰¥â·≈–‡°‘π‰ª°«à“¡“µ√∞“𧫓¡ª√–惵‘¢Õß¡πÿ…¬å‡¡◊ËÕµâÕ߇º™‘≠°—∫ ∂“π°“√≥å„π≈—°…≥–‡¥’¬«°—πé 18

»“≈Æ’°“¡’§«“¡‡ÀÁπ«à“ ç°“√¢à¡¢Ÿà·≈–°“√∫—ߧ—∫π—Èπ µâÕßæ‘®“√≥“®“°§«“¡‡¢â“„®·≈–«‘®“√≥≠“≥
¢Õ߇À¬◊ËÕ‡Õß ≥ ‡«≈“∑’Ë¡’°“√¢à¡¢◊π ·≈–‰¡à‰¥â«“ßÕ¬Ÿà∫π°Æ‡°≥±å∑’ˇ§√àߧ√—¥„¥Ê µâÕß¡’°“√æ‘®“√≥“∂÷ßªí®®—¬
À≈“¬ª√–°“√ ‡™à𠧫“¡·µ°µà“ߢÕßÕ“¬ÿ ¢π“¥¢Õß√à“ß°“¬·≈–æ≈°”≈—ߢÕߧŸà°√≥’ √«¡∑—Èߧ«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å
19
√–À«à“ß°—πé »“≈æ∫«à“‡À¬◊ËÕ‰¡à‰¥â∂Ÿ°Àπà«ß‡Àπ’ˬ«√à“ß°“¬‰¡à„À⇧≈◊ËÕπ‰À«·≈–‰¡à¡’°“√¢à¡¢Ÿà‡∏Õ ·≈–‰¡à
ª√“°Ø«à“¡’°“√¢Ÿà‡¢Á≠«à“®–∑”√⓬√à“ß°“¬‚¥¬„™â¡’¥ ¡’¥¥“∫¢π“¥„À≠à À√◊Õ«—µ∂ÿÀ√◊Õ‡§√◊ËÕß¡◊Õ„¥Ê ∑’ËÕ“®∂◊Õ«à“

17
People of the Philippines vs. Oga Õâ“ß∂÷ß People of the Philippines vs. Quejada, G.R. Nos. 97309-10, June
3, 1993, 223 SCRA 77; People of the Philippines vs. Abella, G.R. No. 127803, August 28, 2000, 339
SCRA 129; People of the Philippines vs. Esperanza, G.R. Nos. 139217-24, June 27, 2003, 405 SCRA 175.
18
People of the Philippines vs. Oga Õâ“ß∂÷ß People of the Philippines vs. Subido, G.R. No. 11504, February
5, 1996, 253 SCRA 196; People of the Philippines vs. Clemente, G.R. No. 130202, October 13, 1999,
316 SCRA 789.
19
Õâ“ß∂÷ß People of the Philippines vs. Dumanon, G.R. Nos. 123096, December 18, 2000, 348 SCRA 461;
People of the Philippines vs. Ardon, G.R. Nos. 137753-56, March 16, 2001, 354 SCRA 609; ¥Ÿ People of
the Philippines vs. Mosqueda, G.R. 131830-34, September 3, 1999, 313 SCRA 694; People of the
Philippines vs Talaboc, 256 SCRA 441 (1996).