Page 8 - สิทธิเกี่ยวกับน้ำ : คำวินิจฉัยคณะกรรมการว่าด้วยสิทธิทางเศรษฐกิจสังคมและวัฒนธรรม ลำดับที่ 15 ว่าด้วยสิทธิเกี่ยวกับน้ำ

4. ‘∑∏‘‡°’ˬ«°—∫πÈ”‰¥â√—∫°“√√—∫√Õß
„π‡Õ° “√√–À«à“ߪ√–‡∑»Õ¬à“ß°«â“ߢ«“ß ∑—Èß„π π∏‘ —≠≠“ ªØ‘≠≠“ ·≈–‡Õ° “√¡“µ√∞“π
5
Õ◊ËπÊ µ—«Õ¬à“߇™àπ ¢âÕ 14 ¬àÕÀπâ“∑’Ë 2 ¢ÕßÕπÿ —≠≠“«à“¥â«¬°“√¢®—¥°“√‡≈◊Õ°ªØ‘∫—µ‘µàÕ µ√’
„π∑ÿ°√Ÿª·∫∫ ´÷Ëß∫—≠≠—µ‘«à“√—∞¿“§’µâÕߪ√–°—π«à“ µ√’¡’ ‘∑∏‘ ç∑’Ë®–¡’ ¿“æ°“√¥”√ß™’«‘µÕ¬à“ß
æÕ‡æ’¬ß ‚¥¬‡©æ“–Õ¬à“߬‘Ëß ∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫ [...] °“√‰¥â√—∫°“√∫√‘°“√πÈ”é ¢âÕ 24 ¬àÕÀπâ“∑’Ë 2
¢ÕßÕπÿ —≠≠“«à“¥â«¬ ‘∑∏‘‡¥Á° °”Àπ¥„Àâ√—∞¿“§’°”®—¥‚√§·≈–°“√¢“¥ “√Õ“À“√ ç‚¥¬°“√

®—¥À“Õ“À“√∑’Ë¡’§ÿ≥§à“∑“ß‚¿™π“°“√·≈–πÈ”¥◊Ë¡∑’Ë –Õ“¥Õ¬à“߇撬ßæÕé

5. §≥–°√√¡°“√‰¥â¬°‡√◊ËÕß ‘∑∏‘
‡°’ˬ«°—∫πÈ”„π°“√æ‘®“√≥“√“¬ß“π¢Õß√—∞¿“§’¡“‚¥¬µ≈Õ¥ µ“¡·π«∑“ß∑—Ë«‰ª©∫—∫ª√—∫ª√ÿß
‡√◊ËÕß√Ÿª·∫∫·≈– “√–¢Õß√“¬ß“π∑’Ë√—∞¿“§’®–®—¥∑”µ“¡¢âÕ 16 ·≈– 17 ¢Õß°µ‘°“√–À«à“ß
ª√–‡∑»«à“¥â«¬ ‘∑∏‘∑“߇»√…∞°‘® —ߧ¡ ·≈–«—≤π∏√√¡ ·≈–§”«‘π‘®©—¬Õ◊ËπÊ ¢Õߧ≥–°√√¡°“√

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¥Ÿ¢âÕ 14 ¬àÕÀπâ“∑’Ë 2(h) ¢ÕßÕπÿ —≠≠“«à“¥â«¬°“√¢®—¥°“√‡≈◊Õ°ªØ‘∫—µ‘µàÕ µ√’∑ÿ°√Ÿª·∫∫ ¢âÕ 24 ¬àÕÀπâ“∑’Ë 2(c) ¢Õß
Õπÿ —≠≠“«à“¥â«¬ ‘∑∏‘‡¥Á° ¢âÕ 20 26 29 ·≈– 46 ¢ÕßÕπÿ —≠≠“‡®π’«“ §.». 1949 «à“¥â«¬°“√ªØ‘∫—µ‘µàÕπ—°‚∑… ߧ√“¡
¢âÕ 85 89 ·≈– 127 ¢ÕßÕπÿ —≠≠“‡®π’«“ §.». 1949 «à“¥â«¬°“√ªØ‘∫—µ‘µàÕæ≈‡√◊Õπ„π‡«≈“ ߧ√“¡ ¢âÕ 54 ·≈– 55
¢Õßæ‘∏’ “√‡æ‘Ë¡‡µ‘¡©∫—∫∑’Ë 1 §.». 1977 ¢âÕ 5 ·≈– 14 ¢Õßæ‘∏’ “√‡æ‘Ë¡‡µ‘¡©∫—∫∑’Ë 2 §.». 1977 Õ“√—¡¿∫∑·ºπªØ‘∫—µ‘°“√
Mar Del Plata ¢Õß°“√ª√–™ÿ¡ Àª√–™“™“µ‘«à“¥â«¬πÈ” ¬àÕÀπâ“∑’Ë 18.47 ¢Õ߇հ “√ Agenda 21 √“¬ß“π°“√ª√–™ÿ¡
«à“¥â«¬ ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡·≈–°“√æ—≤π“¢Õß Àª√–™“™“µ‘∑’Ë°√ÿß √‘‚Õ ‡¥Õ ®“‡π‚√ ‡¥◊Õπ¡‘∂ÿπ“¬π §.». 1992 (‡Õ° “√A/CONF.
151/26/Rev.1 (Vol. I and Vol. I/Ccorr.1, Vol. II, Vol. III and Vol. III/Corr.1) (United Nations publication, Sales No. E. 93.I.8),
Vol. I: Resolutions adopted by the Conference, resolution 1, annex II À≈—°°“√∑’Ë 3 ·∂≈ß°“√≥套∫≈‘π«à“¥â«¬πÈ”·≈–
°“√æ—≤π“Õ¬à“߬—Ë߬◊π¢Õß°“√ª√–™ÿ¡√–À«à“ߪ√–‡∑»«à“¥â«¬πÈ”·≈– ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ (‡Õ° “√A/CONF.151/PC/112) À≈—°°“√
∑’Ë 2 ¢Õß·ºπªØ‘∫—µ‘°“√°“√ª√–™ÿ¡√–À«à“ߪ√–‡∑»«à“¥â«¬ª√–™“°√·≈–°“√æ—≤π“ ≥ °√ÿ߉§‚√ √–À«à“ß«—π∑’Ë 5-13 °—𬓬π
§.». 1994 (United Nations publication, Sales No. E.95.XIII. 18) ∫∑∑’Ë 1 ¢âÕ¡µ‘∑’Ë 1 ¬àÕÀπâ“∑’Ë 5 ·≈– 19 ¢âÕ‡ πÕ·π–∑’Ë 14
(§.». 2001) ¢Õߧ≥–°√√¡°“√√—∞¡πµ√’·Ààß√—∞¿“§’¢Õß°Æ∫—µ√¬ÿ‚√ª«à“¥â«¬∑√—欓°√πÈ” ¢âÕ¡µ‘∑’Ë 2002/6
¢Õߧ≥–Õπÿ°√√¡°“√«à“¥â«¬°“√ à߇ √‘¡·≈–°“√§ÿ⡧√Õß ‘∑∏‘¡πÿ…¬™π·ÀàßÕߧ尓√ Àª√–™“™“µ‘¥â“π°“√ à߇ √‘¡
„À⇰‘¥ ‘∑∏‘∑’Ë®–‰¥â√—∫πÈ”¥◊Ë¡ √“¬ß“π‡°’Ë¬«°—∫§«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å√–À«à“ß°“√Õÿª‚¿§ ‘∑∏‘∑“߇»√…∞°‘® —ߧ¡ ·≈–
«—≤π∏√√¡·≈–°“√ à߇ √‘¡„À⇰‘¥ ‘∑∏‘∑’Ë®–‰¥â√—∫∫√‘°“√πÈ”¥◊Ë¡·≈– ÿ¢Õπ“¡—¬ (‡Õ° “√ E/CN.4/Sub.2/2002/10) ‡ πÕ‚¥¬
𓬠El Hadji Guisse ºŸâ‡ πÕ√“¬ß“π摇»…¢Õߧ≥–Õπÿ°√√¡°“√«à“¥â«¬ ‘∑∏‘∑’Ë®–‰¥â√—∫∫√‘°“√πÈ”¥◊Ë¡·≈– ÿ¢Õπ“¡—¬

‡Õ° “√≈”¥—∫∑’Ë 1 ‘∑∏‘‡°’ˬ«°—∫πÈ” 7

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