Page 17 - ศัพท์สิทธิมนุษยชน

ë Õ“¬ÿ§«“¡ (§◊Õ°”Àπ¥√–¬–‡«≈“„π°“√¬◊Ëππ—∫µ—Èß·µà¡Ÿ≈‡Àµÿ°“√
≈–‡¡‘¥‡°‘¥¢÷Èπ)

뇪ìπ‡√◊ËÕß∑’ˉ¡à‡§¬æ‘®“√≥“¡“°àÕπ
ë Õ”π“®»“≈ À√◊Õ Õ”π“®„π°“√æ‘®“√≥“‡√◊ËÕßπ—Èπ „π à«π∑’Ë

‡°’ˬ«°—∫‡«≈“ (‡™àπ ‰¡à„™â°ÆÀ¡“¬¬âÕπÀ≈—ß) ∂“π∑’Ë (‡™àπ
‡√◊ËÕ߇°‘¥¢÷ÈππÕ°¥‘π·¥π∑’Ë¡’Õ”π“®) ∫ÿ§§≈ (‡™àπ ∫ÿ§§≈π—Èπ‰¡à‰¥â
¡’ —≠™“µ‘∑’Ë®–‰¥â√—∫°“√§ÿ⡧√Õß À√◊Õ‡ªìπ∫ÿ§§≈∑’ˉ¥â√—∫‡Õ° ‘∑∏‘Ï)

ë „π°√≥’∑’Ëªí®‡®°™π√âÕ߇√’¬πÕߧå°√ ‘∑∏‘¡πÿ…¬™π√–À«à“ߪ√–‡∑»
À√◊ÕøÑÕß»“≈√–À«à“ߪ√–‡∑» ¡—°®–°”Àπ¥„Àâ¡’‡ß◊ËÕπ‰¢
‡√◊ËÕß°“√À¡¥Àπ∑“߇¬’¬«¬“¿“¬„πª√–‡∑» (Exhaustion of
Local Remedy)

„π°√≥’∑’˧”√âÕß À√◊Õ§”øÑÕßπ—Èπ‡¢â“‡ß◊ËÕπ‰¢∑’Ë®–√—∫‡√◊ËÕ߉«âæ‘®“√≥“
‰¥â®–„™â§”«à“ç√—∫‰«â‰¥â (Admissible)é ∂Ⓣ¡à‡¢â“‡ß◊ËÕπ‰¢¢âÕÀπ÷ËߢâÕ„¥
®–‰¡à√—∫§”√âÕß À√◊Õ ®”Àπà“¬§¥’ °Á®–„™â§”«à“ ç√—∫‰«â‰¡à‰¥â (Inadmissible)é

ADVISORY OPINION
§«“¡‡ÀÁπ‡™‘ß·π–π”

§«“¡‡ÀÁπ‡™‘ß·π–𔇪ì𧫓¡‡ÀÁπ∑’Ë»“≈À√◊ÕÕߧå°√µÿ≈“°“√
®—¥∑”¢÷Èπ‡æ◊ËÕÕ∏‘∫“¬‡°’ˬ«°—∫°“√µ’§«“¡ (Interpretation) ¢âÕ∫∑¢Õß
π∏‘ —≠≠“ À√◊ÕÕ∏‘∫“¬°“√ª√—∫„™â (Application) °ÆÀ¡“¬√–À«à“ߪ√–‡∑»
µ“¡§”√âÕߢբÕß√—∞ À√◊ÕÕߧ尓√√–À«à“ߪ√–‡∑»∑’Ë¢Õ§«“¡‡ÀÁπ‰ª

‚¥¬∑—Ë«‰ª∏√√¡πŸ≠»“≈√–À«à“ߪ√–‡∑»µà“ßÊ ‡™àπ »“≈¬ÿµ‘∏√√¡

√–À«à“ߪ√–‡∑» (ICJ) ·≈–»“≈ ‘∑∏‘¡πÿ…¬™π√–À«à“ß√—∞Õ‡¡√‘°“
(Inter-American Court of Human Rights) ®–°”Àπ¥¿“√–Àπâ“∑’Ë
„π°“√„À⧫“¡‡ÀÁπ‡™‘ß·π–π”·°àÕߧå°√¬àÕ¬¿“¬„πÕߧ尓√π—ÈπÊ ‰¥â ·µà
„π°√≥’√—∞¿“§’¢ÕßÕߧ尓√√–À«à“ߪ√–‡∑»π—Èπ‡ªìπºŸâ¢Õ °“√¢Õ§«“¡‡ÀÁπ

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