Page 103 - ศัพท์สิทธิมนุษยชน

HABEAS CORPUS (Latin)
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Habeas Corpus ‡ªìπ§”¿“…“≈–µ‘𠇪ìπÀ≈—°°ÆÀ¡“¬‡°à“
‚¥¬∑—Ë«‰ªÀ¡“¬∂÷ß À¡“¬‡√’¬°„Àâπ”ºŸâ∑’Ë∂Ÿ°§ÿ¡¢—ßÀ√◊Õ∂Ÿ°®Õß®”Õ¬Ÿà„πÕ”π“®
¢Õ߇®â“Àπâ“∑’Ë¢Õß√—∞‰¡à«à“°“√§ÿ¡¢—ßπ—Èπ®–™Õ∫¥â«¬°ÆÀ¡“¬À√◊Õ‰¡à¡“»“≈
‡æ◊ËÕ»“≈®–‰¥â∑”°“√æ‘®“√≥“‰µà «π‡æ◊ËÕªÑÕß°—π‰¡à„À⺟âπ—Èπ∂Ÿ°§ÿ¡¢—ß‚¥¬¡‘™Õ∫
Õ—π‡ªìπ°“√„™âÕ”π“®µÿ≈“°“√ª°ªÑÕß∫ÿ§§≈®“°°“√°√–∑”∑’Ë¡‘™Õ∫¢Õß

ΩÉ“¬∫√‘À“√
À¡“¬π’ÈÕ“®π”¡“„™â°—∫∫ÿ§§≈∑’ËÕ¬Ÿà„π°“√§«∫§ÿ¡‚¥¬ ∂“∫—πµà“ßÊ
‰¡à«à“®–Õ¬Ÿà„π°“√§«∫§ÿ¡‚¥¬Õߧå°√„¥¢Õß√—∞ ‡™àπ ∂“π’µ”√«® ∂“∫—π

®‘µ‡«™ ∂“πæ‘π‘® ∫â“π‡¡µµ“ ∂“π°—°°—π§π‡¢â“‡¡◊Õß

„π°“√ÕÕ°À¡“¬»“≈‡√’¬°™π‘¥π’È ºŸâÕÕ°À¡“¬®–‰¡àæ‘®“√≥“«à“∫ÿ§§≈
∑’Ë∂Ÿ°§ÿ¡¢—ß¡’§«“¡º‘¥À√◊Õ‰¡à ·µà®–æ‘®“√≥“«à“°“√§ÿ¡¢—ßπ—Èπ™Õ∫¥â«¬
°ÆÀ¡“¬À√◊Õ‰¡à‡æ◊ËÕªÑÕß°—π°“√„™âÕ”π“®µ“¡Õ”‡¿Õ„®

HARD LAW
°ÆÀ¡“¬∑’Ë„™â®√‘ß

°ÆÀ¡“¬∑’Ë„™â®√‘ß (¿“…“≈–µ‘π §◊Õ lex lata) ‡ªìπ°Æ‡°≥±åÀ√◊Õ
∫√√∑—¥∞“π∑’Ë°”À𥧫“¡ —¡æ—π∏å√–À«à“ß√—∞ À√ ◊ÕºŸâ°√–∑”„π°ÆÀ¡“¬
√–À«à“ߪ√–‡∑» (Actor in International Law) °ÆÀ¡“¬∑’Ë„™â®√‘߇ªìπ°Æ

‡°≥±å∑’Ë¡’§«“¡™—¥‡®π·≈–¬Õ¡√—∫‚¥¬√—∞µà“ß Ê «à“°àÕæ—π∏°√≥’µàÕ√—∞À√◊Õ
ºŸ°æ—π√—∞„ÀâªØ‘∫—µ‘µ“¡¿“¬„µâ√–‡∫’¬∫°ÆÀ¡“¬√–À«à“ߪ√–‡∑» ·À≈àß∑’Ë¡“
¢Õß°ÆÀ¡“¬√–À«à“ߪ√–‡∑»∑’Ë∂◊Õ«à“‡ªìπ°ÆÀ¡“¬∑’Ë„™â®√‘ß¡’ “¡ª√–‡¿∑ §◊Õ
1. π∏‘ —≠≠“ (Treaty)

2. °ÆÀ¡“¬®“√’µª√–‡æ≥’√–À«à“ߪ√–‡∑» (International
Customary Law)

3. À≈—°°ÆÀ¡“¬∑—Ë«‰ª (General Principles of Law)

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