Page 68 - The davide court : บทบาทของศาลยุติธรรมกับความเป็นธรรมด้านเพศภาวะในการพิจารณาพิพากษาคดี

66 Davide Court : ∫∑∫“∑¢Õß»“≈¬ÿµ‘∏√√¡°—∫§«“¡‡ªìπ∏√√¡¥â“π‡æ»¿“«–„π°“√æ‘®“√≥“æ‘æ“°…“§¥’

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πÕ°®“°π—È𠇫âπ·µà§”æ‘æ“°…“„𧥒 People of the Philippines vs. Relox ¡“µ√∞“π‡°à“·°à
∑’Ë«à“ ç‡ ’¬™’楒°«à“‡ ’¬‡°’¬√µ‘¬»é (death before dishonor) ´÷Ëßπ”¡“„™â„π°“√™—ËßπÈ”Àπ—°æ¬“πÀ≈—°∞“π

ΩÉ“¬ºŸâ√âÕß∑ÿ°¢å°≈à“«‚∑…·≈–‡À¬◊ËÕ°“√¢à¡¢◊π‰¡àÕ“®π”¡“„™â‡ªìπ‡°≥±å„π§”æ‘æ“°…“§¥’¢Õß»“≈„π ¡—¬¥“«‘‡¥
Õ’°µàÕ‰ª °ÆÀ¡“¬À≈“¬©∫—∫∑’Ë„À⧫“¡§ÿ⡧√Õß ‘∑∏‘ µ√’ Õ—π‰¥â·°à Republic Act No. 8353 À√◊Õ
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æ√–√“™∫—≠≠—µ‘µàÕµâ“π°“√¢à¡¢◊π §.». 1997 (The Anti-Rape Act of 1997) ·≈– Republic Act
©∫—∫∑’Ë 8505 À√◊Õ∑’Ë√Ÿâ®—°°—π„π™◊ËÕ«à“ æ√–√“™∫—≠≠—µ‘™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ·≈–§ÿ⡧√Õ߇À¬◊ËÕ°“√¢à¡¢◊π §.». 1998
(The Rape Victim Assistance and Protection Act of 1998) ‰¥â™à«¬«“ßÀ≈—°Õ—π‡ªìπ¡“µ√∞“π

„π°“√µ’§«“¡æ¬“πÀ≈—°∞“π∑’˪√“°ØÕ¬Ÿà„𧔄Àâ°“√·≈–°“√§ÿ⡧√Õß µ√’„π∞“π–ºŸâ√âÕß∑ÿ°¢å √«¡∂÷ß
¢âÕ∫—ߧ—∫«à“¥â«¬°“√§ÿ⡧√Õ߇À¬◊ËÕ°“√¢à¡¢◊π (The Rape Shield Rule) ´÷Ëß∂Ÿ°∫—≠≠—µ‘‰«â„π¡“µ√“ 6 ¢Õß R.A.
©∫—∫∑’Ë 8505

¡“µ√“ 6. °“√§ÿ⡧√Õ߇À¬◊ËÕ°“√¢à¡¢◊π (Rape Shield) „π°“√¥”‡π‘𧥒¢à¡¢◊π Àâ“¡¡‘„Àâ√—∫øíß
欓πÀ≈—°∞“π·Ààߧ«“¡ª√–惵‘∑“߇滄πÕ¥’µ §«“¡§‘¥‡ÀÁπ„π‡√◊ËÕߥ—ß°≈à“« À√◊Õ§«“¡§‘¥‡ÀÁπ∑’ˇ°’ˬ«°—∫
™◊ËÕ‡ ’¬ß¢Õ߇¢“À√◊Õ‡∏Õ ‡«âπ‡ ’¬·µà«à“ ‡æ’¬ß‡∑à“∑’Ë»“≈‡ÀÁπ§«√«à“ À≈—°∞“π¥—ß°≈à“«‡ªìπª√–‡¥Á𠔧—≠
·≈–‡°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫§¥’¥—ß°≈à“«

¢âÕ∫—ߧ—∫«à“¥â«¬°“√ªÑÕß°—π∑“√ÿ≥°√√¡∑“߇滄π∑”πÕ߇¥’¬«°—πª√“°ØÕ¬Ÿà„π¢âÕ∫—ߧ—∫«à“¥â«¬°“√
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Õ∫欓π‡¥Á° (The Rule on Examination of A Child Witness) ¥—ßπ’È

¡“µ√“ 30. ¢âÕ∫—ߧ—∫«à“¥â«¬°“√§ÿ⡧√Õ߇À¬◊ËÕ°“√∑“√ÿ≥°√√¡∑“߇æ»
(a) 欓πÀ≈—°∞“π∑’˵âÕßÀâ“¡¡‘„Àâ√—∫øíß › 欓πÀ≈—°∞“π¥—ßµàÕ‰ªπ’ȵâÕßÀâ“¡¡‘„Àâ√—∫øíß
„π°√–∫«π°“√æ‘®“√≥“§¥’Õ“≠“„¥Ê ∑’ˉ¥â°≈à“«Õâ“ß«à“¡’°“√∑“√ÿ≥°√√¡∑“߇滵àÕ‡¥Á°
(1) 欓πÀ≈—°∞“π∑’Ë𔇠πÕ‡æ◊ËÕæ‘ Ÿ®πå«à“ ‡À¬◊ËÕµ“¡¢âÕ°≈à“«À“¡’惵‘°√√¡∑“߇æ»Õ◊ËπÊ;

·≈–
(2) 欓πÀ≈—°∞“π∑’Ë𔇠πÕ‡æ◊ËÕæ‘ Ÿ®πå∂÷ߧ«“¡‚π⡇Ւ¬ß∑“߇滢Õ߇À¬◊ËÕµ“¡¢âÕ°≈à“«À“
(b) ¢âÕ¬°‡«âπ › æ¬“πÀ≈—°∞“π‡©æ“–∫“ßÕ¬à“ß∑’Ë· ¥ß∂÷ß惵‘°√√¡∑“߇滢Õ߇À¬◊ËÕ

µ“¡¢âÕ°≈à“«À“‡æ◊ËÕæ‘ Ÿ®πå«à“ πÕ°‡Àπ◊Õ®“°ºŸâ∂Ÿ°°≈à“«À“·≈â« ¬—ß¡’∫ÿ§§≈Àπ÷Ëß∑’ˇªìπ·À≈àß
∑’Ë¡“¢ÕßπÈ”Õ ÿ®‘ °“√∫“¥‡®Á∫ À√◊Õæ¬“π«—µ∂ÿÕ◊ËπÊ „Àâ∂◊Õ‡ªìπ欓πÀ≈—°∞“π∑’Ë√—∫øí߉¥â

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G.R. No. 149395, April 28, 2004.
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¢âÕ 266-D ·Ààß R.A. 8353 ∫—≠≠—µ‘«à“ ç°“√°√–∑”∑’Ë„™â°”≈—ß‚¥¬™—¥·®âß„¥Ê ∑’Ë· ¥ß∂÷ß°“√¢—¥¢«“ßµàÕ°“√°√–∑”
°“√¢à¡¢◊π‰¡à«à“√–¥—∫„¥Ê µàÕºŸâ‡ ’¬À“¬ À√◊Õ∑”„À⇰‘¥ ∂“π°“√≥å∑’Ë∑”„À⺟⇠’¬À“¬‰¡à “¡“√∂„À⧫“¡¬‘π¬Õ¡‚¥¬™Õ∫‰¥â
Õ“®¬Õ¡√—∫‰¥â«à“‡ªìπÀ≈—°∞“π„π°“√¥”‡π‘𧥒µàÕ°“√°√–∑”∑’ˇªì𧫓¡º‘¥¿“¬„µâ¡“µ√“ 266-Aé
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A.M. No. 00-4-07-SC, December 15, 2000.