Page 32 - The davide court : บทบาทของศาลยุติธรรมกับความเป็นธรรมด้านเพศภาวะในการพิจารณาพิพากษาคดี

30 Davide Court : ∫∑∫“∑¢Õß»“≈¬ÿµ‘∏√√¡°—∫§«“¡‡ªìπ∏√√¡¥â“π‡æ»¿“«–„π°“√æ‘®“√≥“æ‘æ“°…“§¥’

„𧥒∑’Ë¡’°“√‡æ‘°∂Õπ°“√ ¡√ »“≈Æ’°“¿“¬„µâ°“√π”¢Õߪ√–∏“π»“≈Æ’°“¥“«‘‡¥ ·≈–ª√–∏“π
»“≈Õ“√凵¡‘‚Õ «’. æ“π°“π‘∫“𠉥â¬÷¥À≈—°°“√¢Õß√—∞∏√√¡πŸ≠Õ¬à“߇§√àߧ√—¥∑’Ë«à“ °“√ ¡√ ‡ªìπ ∂“∫—π
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∑’ˉ¡àÕ“®≈à«ß≈–‡¡‘¥‰¥â ·¡â«à“ºŸâæ‘æ“°…“®–¬Õ¡√—∫«à“°“√√—°…“¢âÕºŸ°¡—¥µà“ßÊ ¢Õß°“√ ¡√ ∑’Ë ‘ÈπÀ«—ßπ—Èπ
∂◊Õ«à“‡ªìπ ∂“π°“√≥å∑’ˬ“°≈”∫“°¢ÕߺŸâ∑’Ë𔧥’¡“øÑÕß√âÕß „πÀ≈“¬§”æ‘æ“°…“ §«“¡ —¡æ—π∏åπÕ° ¡√
‡ªìπ ‘Ëß∑’Ë™“¬®”π«π¡“°°√–∑”µàÕÀ≠‘ß ´÷Ë߇ªìπ√Ÿª·∫∫¢Õß°“√∑”√ÿπ·√ß∑’Ë∑”√⓬µàÕ®‘µ„®∑’Ëæ∫‰¥â‚¥¬∑—Ë«‰ª
Õ¬à“ßÀπ÷Ëß ·µà»“≈Æ’°“‰¥âµ—¥ ‘π‰«â«à“ °“√¡’§«“¡ —¡æ—π∏åπÕ° ¡√ ‡æ’¬ßÕ¬à“߇¥’¬«‰¡àÕ“®∂◊Õ«à“‡æ’¬ßæÕ
∑’Ë®–‡ªìπÀ√◊Õ‡∑’¬∫‡∑à“°—∫ §«“¡‰√⧫“¡ “¡“√∂∑“ß®‘µ„® (Psychological Incapacity) ´÷Ëß “¡“√∂

„™â‡ªìπ∞“π„π°“√øÑÕ߇摰∂Õπ«à“°“√ ¡√ ‡ªìπ‚¡¶–¡“·µà‡√‘Ë¡·√°À√◊Õ‰¡à¡’º≈ºŸ°æ—π¡“·µà‡√‘Ë¡·√° (void ab
initio) ‰¥â ·µàÕ“®‡ªìπ∞“π„π°“√·¬°°—πÕ¬Ÿàµ“¡°ÆÀ¡“¬‰¥â ·¡â·µàª√–∏“π»“≈Æ’°“¥“«‘‡¥°Á¡’·π«§‘¥§àÕπ‰ª
„π∑“ßÕπÿ√—°…åπ‘¬¡„πª√–‡¥Áπ¢Õß°“√‡æ‘°∂Õπ°“√ ¡√ ‡√“ “¡“√∂¡Õ߇ÀÁπ®“°√“¬°“√¢Õߧ”æ‘æ“°…“

„π‡√◊ËÕß°“√‡æ‘°∂Õπ°“√ ¡√ ´÷Ëß∑à“π¡’ à«π√à«¡„π∞“π–ºŸâæ‘æ“°…“ºŸâµ√«® ”π«π·≈–≈ß≈“¬¡◊Õ™◊ËÕ‡æ◊ËÕ∑”
§”æ‘æ“°…“ (ponente) À√◊Õ‡ªìπ ¡“™‘°¢Õß·ºπ°„π»“≈ µ“¡¿“§ºπ«° °. 9

·¡â°√–π—Èπ°Áµ“¡ µâÕ߬°¬àÕ߇ªìπº≈ß“π¢Õߪ√–∏“π»“≈Æ’°“¥“«‘‡¥ ‡π◊ËÕß®“°‰¡à¡’ª√–∏“π»“≈
„πÕ¥’µ∑à“π„¥∑’Ë„À⧫“¡ π„®„π°“√ √â“ß°√–· §«“¡‡ ¡Õ¿“§∑“߇滿“«–„πΩÉ“¬µÿ≈“°“√¡“°àÕπ ‰¡à«à“

∑à“π®–¬Õ¡µ“¡°“√‡√’¬°√âÕߢÕ߇«≈“·≈–Õ‘∑∏‘æ≈¢Õß·π«§‘¥∑’ˉ¥â√—∫°“√º≈—°¥—π®“°Õߧå°√¥â“π ‘∑∏‘ µ√’
À√◊ե⫬§«“¡∑’Ë∑à“π°√–∑”°“√µ“¡ ”π÷° à«πµ—«·≈–∑“ß°“√‡¡◊Õß ‡æ◊ËÕ‡ªìπ°“√ à߇ √‘¡„À⇰‘¥§«“¡‡ªìπ∏√√¡
(Affirmative Action) ”À√—∫ µ√’ ∑à“π‡ªìπºŸâ√‘‡√‘Ë¡„Àâ¡’§≥–°√√¡°“√«à“¥â«¬°“√µÕ∫ πÕ߇™‘ß¡‘µ‘

∑“߇滿“«–¢ÕßΩÉ“¬µÿ≈“°“√ (The Committee on Gender Responsiveness of the Judiciary) 10
„π«—π∑’Ë 27 ¡’π“§¡ §.». 2003 ·≈–º≈—°¥—π¥â«¬µ—«¢Õß∑à“π‡Õß„Àâ¡’·ºπ¥â“π‡æ»¿“«–·≈–°“√æ—≤π“
(Gender and Development (GAD) Plan) ∂“∫—πµÿ≈“°“√·Ààߪ√–‡∑»øî≈‘ªªîπ å (The Philippine Judicial
Academy) ‰¥â®—¥°“√ —¡¡π“‡°’ˬ«°—∫°“√§”π÷ß∂÷ß¡‘µ‘∑“߇滿“«– ”À√—∫ºŸâæ‘æ“°…“ ‚¥¬‡©æ“–Õ¬à“߬‘Ëß
ºŸâæ‘æ“°…“»“≈§√Õ∫§√—« Õ¬à“߉√°Á¥’ ¬—߉¡à‡§¬¡’°“√ª√–‡¡‘πº≈„π‡™‘ß§ÿ≥¿“æ¢Õß°“√ —¡¡π“π—Èπ µ√“∫®π

∑ÿ°«—ππ’È π—°°ÆÀ¡“¬‡æ◊ËÕ ‘∑∏‘ µ√’¬—ߧ߷ ¥ß§«“¡°—ß«≈∂÷ß°“√‰¡à§”π÷ß∂÷ß¡‘µ‘∑“߇滿“«–¢ÕߺŸâæ‘æ“°…“
·≈–§«“¡·æ√àÀ≈“¬¢Õß°“√¡Õߥ⫬∑—»π§µ‘·∫∫‡À¡“√«¡µàÕ∫∑∫“∑·≈–惵‘°√√¡¢Õß µ√’„π√–∫∫µÿ≈“°“√

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Republic of the Philippines vs. Crasus Iyoy, G.R. No.152577, September 21, 2005.
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„π∑ÿ°§¥’¥—ß°≈à“« »“≈Æ’°“¡’§” —Ë߉¡à√—∫§”√âÕ߇摰∂Õπ°“√ ¡√
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ºŸâæ‘æ“°…“Õ≈‘‡´’¬ ÕÕ ‡µ√’¬-¡“√嵑‡π ·≈–ºŸâæ‘æ“°…“Õ¥Õ≈å‚ø ‡Õ .Õ“´§Ÿπ“ (Justice Alicia Austria-Martinez
and Justice Adolfo S. Azcuna) ‡ªìπª√–∏“π√à«¡ ·≈–¡’‡≈¢“πÿ°“√‡Õ° Õ“‡¡Õ√åøîπ“ ‡¡‡≈Áπ´‘‚Õ-‡ŒÕ‡√√“
(Chancellor Ameurfina Melencio-Herrera) ºŸâ™à«¬ΩÉ“¬∫√‘À“√»“≈ ‡´‰π¥“ ‡ÕÁπ. ‡Õ≈‘æ“øî‚Õ (Deputy Court
Administrator Zenaida N. Elepafio) ∑à“π‡®π ÕÕ‚√√“ ´’. ·≈π‡™’¬π (Hon. Jane Aurora C. Lantion) ∑𓬧«“¡
Õ’‡¥Áπ ∑’. ·§π‡¥≈“‡√’¬ (Atty. Eden T. Candelaria) ∑𓬧«“¡‡ÕÁ¥π“ Õ’. ¥’‚π (Atty. Edna E. Dino) ¥√.

‡æ’¬«√‘ø´’¬—π «’. §«’´—¡∫‘ß (Dr. Purificacion V. Quisumbing) ºŸâ∫√‘À“√°“√ªØ‘√Ÿªµÿ≈“°“√ ‡Õ‡«Õ≈‘π ‚∑‡≈‚¥-¥”¥”
(Judicial Reform Administrator Evelyn Toledo-Dumdum) ∑𓬧«“¡ §Õ√“´Õπ ‡øÕ√å‡√Õ√å-ø≈Õ‡√ (Atty.
Corazon Ferrer-Flores) ·≈– π“ß “«Õ“√’Õ“π ‚Õ‡≈°“√’‚Õ-°“‚≈‡µ (Ms. Arriane Olegario-Galote) ‡ªìπ ¡“™‘°