Page 21 - เพศภาวะกับศาลยุติธรรม : กรณีศึกษาจากฟิลิปปินส์

Engendering the Philippine Judiciary : ‡æ»¿“«–°—∫»“≈¬ÿμ‘∏√√¡ °√≥’»÷°…“®“°øî≈‘ªªîπ å
19

·π«∑“ß„π°“√À≈’°‡≈’ˬ߰“√· ¥ßÕÕ°´÷ËßÕ§μ‘∑“߇滿“«–Õ’°ª√–°“√Àπ÷Ëߧ◊Õ°“√√–∫ÿ‡æ»¢Õß∫ÿ§§≈
‡™àπ‰¡à§«√∫√√¬“¬«à“ç∑𓬧«“¡À≠‘ßé À√◊Õ ç·æ∑¬åÀ≠‘ßé À√◊Õ ç‡≈¢“πÿ°“√™“¬é ‡æ√“–„π°“√∫√√¬“¬

‡™àππ—Èπ¡’π—¬¢Õß°“√„À⧫“¡‡ªìπ摇»…°—∫‡æ»«à“ª°μ‘¡‘„™àμ”·ÀπàߢÕ߇滥—ß°≈à“«

9
°“√‡≈à“‡√◊ËÕßμ≈°∑’Ë¡’π—¬∑“߇滄πÀâÕßæ‘®“√≥“ À√◊Õ∑’ˇ√’¬°°—π«à“‡ªìπ dirty jokes °“√查∑’Ë¡’
π—¬∑“߇滷≈–§”∂“¡μ√ßÊ ‡√◊ËÕ߇滰—∫‡®â“Àπâ“∑’ËÀ≠‘ߢÕß»“≈‰¥â∑”„À⺟âæ‘æ“°…“„π√—∞·§≈‘øÕ√å‡π’¬
∂Ÿ°∂Õ¥∂Õπ¡“·≈â« 10

∑”‰¡®÷ßμâÕ߇πâπ‡√◊ËÕß°“√„™â¿“…“„πÀâÕßæ‘®“√≥“§¥’ °Á‡æ√“–¿“…“‡ªìπ‡§√◊ËÕß¡◊Õ∑’Ë¡’æ≈—ß∑’Ë ÿ¥

¡’§«“¡À¡“¬‰ª‰°≈°«à“ ‘Ëß∑’˪√“°ØÕÕ°¡“ ¿“…“¡’Õ‘∑∏‘æ≈μàÕ‡®μ§μ‘ æƒμ‘°√√¡·≈–°“√√—∫√Ÿâ ∂âÕ¬§”
·≈–«≈’μà“ßÊ ∑’Ë¡’Õ§μ‘∑“߇滿“«–∑”„À⺟âÀ≠‘ßμË”μâÕ¬≈¥§ÿ≥§à“ ‡ªìπ°“√ √ÿªÕ¬à“ߺ‘¥Ê ‰¡à‡ªìπ∏√√¡
·≈–∑”„Àâ°“√‡À¡“√«¡∑’ËÕ—πμ√“¬¥”√ßÕ¬Ÿà¬◊𬓫·≈–𔉪 Ÿà°“√ªØ‘∫—μ‘μàÕÕ¬à“߉¡à‡ ¡Õ¿“§

∫∑∫“∑¢Õßμÿ≈“°“√„π∞“π–∑’ˇªìπºŸâª√– “∑§«“¡¬ÿμ‘∏√√¡·≈–§«“¡‡ ¡Õ¿“§μâÕ߇ªìπ°“√ªØ‘∫—μ‘
μàÕ∫ÿ§§≈∑ÿ°§π¥â«¬§«“¡‡§“√æ·≈–§”π÷ß∂÷ß»—°¥‘Ï»√’¢Õ߇¢“ °“√„™â∂âÕ¬§”∑’˪√“»®“°Õ§μ‘∑”„À⇰‘¥

§«“¡¡—Ëπ„®„π¡ÿ¡¡Õߥâ“π‡æ»¿“«–«à“ºŸâæ‘æ“°…“∫√√≈ÿ∂÷ß∫∑∫“∑¢ÕߺŸâª√– “∑§«“¡¬ÿμ‘∏√√¡·≈–§«“¡
‡ ¡Õ¿“§Õ¬à“ß·∑â®√‘ß À≈“¬¡≈√—∞„π À√—∞Õ‡¡√‘°“‰¥â®—¥∑”§Ÿà¡◊Õ‡æ◊ËÕ§«“¡‡ªìπ∏√√¡¥â“π‡æ»¿“«–
„π»“≈¬ÿμ‘∏√√¡ ‡™àπ

ë Shafran, Lynn Hecht and Norma J. Wickler, Gender Fairness in the Courts:

Action in the New Millennium „π‚§√ß°“√¢Õß National Judicial Education
Program (2001) ´÷Ë߇ªìπ‚§√ß°“√¢Õß NOW Legal Defense and Education Fund
∑’Ë√à«¡¡◊Õ°—∫ ¡“§¡ºŸâæ‘æ“°…“À≠‘ß·Ààß™“μ‘ (National Association of Women

Judges)†π”‡ πÕ§Ÿà¡◊Õ¥â“π¬ÿ∑∏»“ μ√å∑’Ë¡’‡π◊ÈÕÀ“‡°’ˬ«°—∫Õߧåª√–°Õ∫ ”§—≠„π°“√
∫√√≈ÿ·≈–√–¡—¥√–«—ß„Àâ¡’§«“¡‡ªìπ∏√√¡¥â“π‡æ»¿“«–„π»“≈ ·≈–‡ √‘¡ √â“ߧ«“¡‡¢â¡·¢Áß

„Àâ°—∫§≥–∑”ß“π¢®—¥Õ§μ‘∑“߇滿“«–·≈–°“√∑”ß“π¢Õߧ≥–°√√¡“∏‘°“√„À⇪ìπ
Àπ૬∑”ß“πªØ‘√Ÿª·≈–∫Ÿ√≥“°“√§«“¡Àà«ß„¬‡√◊ËÕߧ«“¡‡ªìπ∏√√¡¥â“π‡æ»¿“«–‡¢â“‰«â
„π°“√«“ß·ºπß“π·≈–°“√√‘‡√‘Ë¡ªØ‘√Ÿª»“≈

9
Ryan v. Commûn on Judicial Performance (1988) 45Cal.3d 518
10 th
Gordon (1996) 13 Cal.4 472