Page 16 - รายงานฉบับสมบูรณ์ โครงการวิจัยการป้องกันและแก้ไขปัญหาการค้ามนุษย์ของประเทศไทย และความร่วมมือกับประเทศเพื่อนบ้านในอาเซียน

of the victim. The interpretation of the law by the authorities also cause a challenge to combat
human trafficking as some victims have to face a criminal trial against them as illegal migrants
which make the authorities fail to receive in-depth information about the human trafficking
network behind the incident.

Moreover, the legal proceedings to receive compensation in both civil and criminal cases for
human trafficking victims often take too long and require a high amount of expense. The
victims also fear of being hunted by human traffickers and they often do not trust the
authorities. These issues are considered as obstacles for victim of human trafficking to receive
justice.

(3) Guidelines for coordinating regarding preventing and combating
human trafficking between Thailand and the neighboring countries

Thailand has coordinated with Laos, Cambodia, Vietnam, Myanmar, and Malaysia to prevent
and combat human trafficking by implementing the MOU between two parties and multi-
parties. After having the Anti-Trafficking in Persons Act B.E. 2551 (2008), the use of the word
“Memorandum of Understanding” has been replaced with “Memorandum of Agreement” and
the word “Trafficking in women and children” has been replaced with “Trafficking in Persons”
to cover male victims.

However, there are five issues in the coordination that should be addressed for improvement
which are (1) lack of efficiency on law enforcement in each country (2) Memorandum of
Agreement between countries is not proactive enough (3) lack of legal instruments in the
regional level on human trafficking (4) lack of central agencies to act as a coordinator which
makes each country separately works on the issue and (5) lack of involvement of civil society
organizations.

(4) Guidelines on Building and Improving the Mechanisms to Prevent
Trafficking in Persons and Its Solutions

The research found that mechanisms to prevent trafficking in persons at the local level are still
overlooked while the mechanisms at the national and regional levels have always received
attention. Therefore, there are four issues to address regarding the implementation of local
mechanisms which are (1) empowering knowledge and capability of those working against
human trafficking such as providing knowledge on the issue for community and for those
seemed vulnerable to trafficking in persons as well as those authorities who are responsible for
the issue (2) building the watchdog network for human trafficking by having local people to
participate in preventing human trafficking and providing solutions for the issue in their own
community (3) building a network of organizations that work on anti-human trafficking and
encouraging them to exchange their working experience to combat human trafficking (4)
creating database with efficient detail about trafficking in persons.

(5) Recommendations

(5.1) Recommendations at the Policy-level

(1) The government should have clear guidelines for the Ministry of Social Development and
Human Security (MSDHS), Ministry of Interior, Ministry of Justice, Ministry of Labor, Royal
Thai Police, Department of Special Investigation, and Anti-Money Laundering Office to work
on human trafficking issues integratively.

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