Page 57 - หลักสิทธิมนุษยชนด้านพลังงาน อุตสาหกรรมและสิ่งแวดล้อม

∫“ߪ√–‡∑»Õ“®‡√’¬°™◊ËÕ Ombudsman ·µ°µà“ßÕÕ°‰ª ‡™àπ „π
€À√“™Õ“≥“®—°√·≈–»√’≈—ß°“‡√’¬°«à“ Parliamentary Commissioner

for Administration „π·Õø√‘°“„µâπÕ°®“°¡’§≥–°√√¡°“√€‘∑∏‘
¡πÿ…¬™π·≈â« ¬—ß¡’°≈‰°µ√«®€Õ∫√“™°“√·ºàπ¥‘π∑’ˇ√’¬°«à“ Public

Protector „π‡¡◊Õߧ«‘‡∫Á° ª√–‡∑»·§π“¥“‡√’¬°«à“ Protector for the
Citizen (Protecteur du Citoyen) „πÕՀ‡µ√’¬‡√’¬°«à“ Peopleûs
Advocate (Volksanwaltschaft) ·≈–„πÕ‘µ“≈’‡√’¬°«à“ Civic

Defender (Difensore Civico) 41
Ombudsman €“¡“√∂¥”‡π‘πß“π°“√µ√«®€Õ∫√“™°“√·ºàπ¥‘π

‰¥â‡Õß‚¥¬‰¡àµâÕß√Õ„Àâ¡’°“√√âÕ߇√’¬π®“°ª√–™“™π ·µà¡’∫“ߪ√–‡∑»
∑’Ë√–∫ÿ«à“‰¡à€“¡“√∂√âÕ߇√’¬πµàÕ Ombudsman ‰¥â‚¥¬µ√ß ‚¥¬µâÕß
¬◊Ëπ‡√◊ËÕߺà“π€¡“™‘°√—∞€¿“ ‡™àπ Ombudsman „π·∫∫¢Õ߀À√“™-

Õ“≥“®—°√ ¡“µ√°“√°“√æ‘€Ÿ®πåµ√«®€Õ∫·≈–º≈¢Õß°“√«‘π‘®©—¬¢Õß
Ombudsman ¡’≈—°…≥–§≈⓬§≥–°√√¡°“√€‘∑∏‘¡πÿ…¬™π§◊Õ
‰¡à‡§√àߧ√—¥„π«‘∏’°“√·€«ßÀ“¢âÕ‡∑Á®®√‘߇À¡◊Õπ°√–∫«π°“√¢Õß»“≈

·≈–º≈¢Õß°“√«‘π‘®©—¬Õ¬Ÿà„π√Ÿª¢Õߧ”·π–π”‚¥¬‰¡à¡’º≈ºŸ°æ—πµ“¡
°ÆÀ¡“¬ ∑—Èßπ’È Ombudsman ·∫∫¥—È߇¥‘¡‰¡à¡’∫∑∫“∑‡°’ˬ«°—∫°“√
§ÿ⡧√Õ߀‘∑∏‘¡πÿ…¬™π‚¥¬µ√ß ·≈–°“√¥”‡π‘πß“π‰¡à¡’°“√Õâ“ß∂÷ß

42
À≈—°€‘∑∏‘¡πÿ…¬™π‡ªìπµ—«µ—Èß ·µà‡π◊ËÕß®“°∫∑∫“∑„π°“√µ√«®€Õ∫

41 Linda C. Rief Àπâ“ 8, Õâ“ß·≈â«
42 Dean M. Gottehrer and Michael Hostina, Essential Characteristics of
a Classical Ombudsman, United States Ombudsman Association (1999).
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