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Women Human Rights Defenders -WHRDs
In 2013, the United Nations General Assembly (UN GA) adopted
the first GA resolution on women human rights defenders (resolution
68/181). The resolution expresses concerns over discrimination and structural
and systematic violence facing women human rights defenders. Besides,
the resolution 68/181 urges the member states to utilize necessary
measures and mechanisms to ensure safety and gender dimension in
their efforts to create a supportive environment for the protection
of human rights of women.
The International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR)
to which Thailand is a signatory, guarantees rights to freedom of peaceful
assembly, freedom of expression, freedom of association and prohibition
of arbitrary arrest and detention.
The UN Declaration on Human Rights Defenders affirms the right
to peacefully demonstrate against human rights violations. The declaration
prohibits acts of retaliation, intimidation and other forms of harassments
against anyone who pursues nonviolent actions against human rights
violations whether during or after their professional involvement. A great
number of human rights defenders are women. Women human rights
defenders are for example:
Women who act to promote or protect human rights and all
individuals who defend the human rights of women or work for gender
equality – collectively known as “women human rights defenders”
(WHRDs)

Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights defenders,
A/HRC/16/44 (2010), para. 30
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