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Women’s determination to raise awareness on issues like the link
               between human rights and development, natural resources and land

               management, labor rights, rights to migration, political participation,
               anticorruption, women rights and other dimensions of gender rights
               of women human rights defenders, can made them unsafe and even

               the target of direct attacks. This can also extend to their families who
               might become the target of violence aiming to isolate and discourage

               them from their work. Women human rights defenders are at higher
               risk of violence, abuse, bias, exclusion and rejection than men human
               rights defenders. These challenges need to be taken into account to

               ensure more robust preventive mechanisms and responses to local
               situations at the national and international levels.

                      Intimidation and Responses to the Works of Women Human
               Rights Defenders
                      Based on data from Protection International, in the past, many

               human rights defenders including women human rights defenders
               have continuously been intimidated, harassed, murdered, involun-
               tarily disappeared and sexually assaulted. Many of them were charged

               with judicial cases by the government and the private sector. Women
               human rights defenders are facing court cases due to their righteous
               engagement in the promotion and protection of human rights. In

               Thailand, since the beginning of the year, 8 out of 10 human rights
               defenders charged with criminal cases were women. The government

               has pursued national reforms by introducing laws related to natural
               resources, land and energy management in the absence of democratic
               processes and elected representatives. Rights to critique and disapprove



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