Page 18 - รายงานการศึกษาวิจัย เรื่อง ความสัมพันธ์ระหว่างสิทธิมนุษยชนและสิ่งแวดล้อมเพื่อการคุ้มครองสิทธิมนุษยชนที่เกี่ยวกับสิ่งแวดล้อมอย่างยั่งยืน

ความสัมพันธ์ระหว่างสิทธิมนุษยชนและสิ่งแวดล้อม
เพื่อการคุ้มครองสิทธิมนุษยชนที่เกี่ยวกับสิ่งแวดล้อมอย่างยั่งยืน

neglect of duty in controlling, storing and managing of radioactive waste; 2) Decision
No. For 13/2552 on the lawfulness of rules ordered and approved by cabinet

resolution for damage remedy from noise pollution at Suvarnabhumi
Airport; 3) Decision No. Or 743/2555 on State organization neglects duty
in rehabilitating the Clity creek and violates the right of community

in getting benefits from natural resources according to the
Constitution; 4) Decision No. Or 730-748/2557 on payment to
recover the damage from wrongful act of officials in case of

Mae Moh power plant generating pollution having impacts on the
communities; and 5) Decision No. Or 749-764/2557 on the neglect of
duty in functioning measures in the EIA study in case of Mae Moh coal mine.

Cases concerning compensation from wrongful act which violates
human rights under tort law of the Civil and Commercial Code fall under the

jurisdiction of the Court of Justice. There are two cases on environmental violation:
1) Decision No. 2147/2547 of Appeals Division 4 on asking for compensation on case of factories
generates pollution causing Num Pong creek polluted having impacts on the communities; and

2) Decision No. 5818/2549 on the communities rights with prosecution on conserving the natural
resources and environment around the Maya Bay area.

Conclusion on the Relation between Human Rights and Environment

Considering the relation between human rights and environment, the right to environment
can be classified into three levels as follows:
1) Right to live in a healthy environment – This is the narrow meaning of the right to

environment. It is not full range of the right to good environment. Rather, it is the combination
with the existing human rights such as the right to life and the right to health in protecting the
environment. It is “individual rights”, not the collective rights. Claim against the State by using this right

is usually claim through “negative rights” where the rights holders can claim only when their rights
are challenged or when there are some damages happened to them. The rights holders can claim

from the State to “protect” themselves from not being able to live in healthy environment.
2) Right to decent environment for peoples - This is the “positive rights” where the State
must provide people with environment that is clean without pollution at the highest standard that

the State can reach. By this way, the rights holders do not need to wait until they get damages from
the violation of the rights. Only the State neglects providing the clean or good environment at the

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