Page 47 - สรุปข้อสังเกตคณะกรรมการว่าด้วยสิทธิเด็ก (UN) ต่อรายงานภายใต้ข้อ 44 แห่งอนุสัญญาว่าด้วยสิทธิเด็ก

CRC/C/THA/CO/2
page 14

Environmental health

55. The Committee is concerned about a range of environmental problems such as air
pollution and environmental degradation, including shortcomings in the municipal and industrial
waste management, which have serious consequences for children’s health and development.
While noting improvements in water and sanitation, particularly for rural families, the
Committee is concerned about regional disparities as regards access to safe drinking water
and sanitation.

56. The Committee recommends that the State party:

(a) Continue to take effective measures to improve access to safe drinking water
and sanitation facilities, particularly in remote areas of the country; and

(b) Increase children’s knowledge of environmental health issues by introducing
environmental health education programmes in schools.

HIV/AIDS

57. The Committee commends the State party for having met Millennium Development
Goal 6 well ahead of schedule. It welcomes the various multisectoral measures taken to address
the prevention and reduction of HIV/AIDS infection and takes note of the national programme
for preventing mother-to-child transmission of HIV/AIDS (PMTCT), which provides pregnant
women with voluntary counselling and free HIV-testing. The Committee nevertheless expresses
its concern at the relatively high rate of children born at risk from mother-to-child transmission
of HIV/AIDS annually. It notes with concern that adolescents are increasingly at risk of
HIV-infection while the level of HIV/AIDS awareness among them has decreased. It is also
concerned about the presence of risk factors predisposing HIV-infection such as the high number
of sex workers. Further, it is concerned that that free trade agreements currently being
negotiated with some other countries may negatively impact access to affordable medicines,
in particular antiretroviral drugs.

58. The Committee recommends that the State party, taking into account its general
comment No. 3 on HIV/AIDS and the rights of the child of 2003 (CRC/GC/2003/3) and the
International Guidelines on HIV/AIDS and Human Rights (E/CN.4/1997/37), continue to:

(a) Take multisectoral efforts to prevent new HIV-infections by adopting and
implementing policies and programmes that particularly reflect community-level realities
and by providing more technical and financial support for local-level programming,
implementation and monitoring;

(b) Fully implement the national programme for preventing mother-to-child
transmission of HIV/AIDS (PMTCT) by providing all pregnant women with adequate
health and social services free of charge and by providing HIV-positive mothers with
antiretroviral drugs and formula feeding for infants;